Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Membranes

Contrarily to this, according to the ultrasonic fusion bonding, as illustrated in FIG. 6, when the used microporous filtration membrane is peeled off from the plate, a deformed protrusion is left on the peeled-off position, which necessitates to reshape this protrusion to enable the ultrasonic fusion bonding for reuse . This is not preferable from view point of the cost for reuse, and is still not preferable from the view point of the waste treatment and cost even in a case where the membrane element is discarded and replaced with a new one. Contrarily to this, when ultrasonic wave is employed, a rectangular horn cannot be used and therefore the respective sides must be fusion bonded independently of each other through several actions.

JIUWU ceramic membrane element is tubular composite membranes on an open porous carrier tube made of high purity α-alumina oxide and titanium oxide . The ceramic membrane element is optimized for maximum water permeability and high mechanical stability. Housing is designed with standard connectors to attach with incoming and outgoing piping.

There are a variety of membranes in use throughout the market which act as processes in treating groundwater, surface water, and wastewater to a level that is acceptable for industries and especially consumption. It is a rapidly growing industry, as a result of the need to combat low quality water sources such as rivers, lakes, wells, streams, and the ocean, in order to provide more alternative methods in supplying healthy, safe, steady, and accessible water to the masses. 1 shows a cut-away view of a typical reverse osmosis spiral wound membrane element 1 of this invention within a cylindrical RO pressure vessel 2. The membrane element 1 is sealed within the pressure vessel 2 with end plates 2a and 2b containing ports for the various feed, concentrate and permeate nozzles and retained in position by ring clamps 10a and 10b.

For the last 40 years, membrane filtration has become the leading method of treating water and wastewater streams across a multitude of municipal and industrial applications. However, according to this fixing manner, the organic filtration membrane is fixed to the resin plate by having adhesive impregnated in nonwoven fabric that acts as a substrate of the organic filtration membrane. Also, there has been used a method in which the fixing is made by a tape, but this physical fixing poses a problem in that the filter membrane is easy to be peeled off. Therefore, there have been proposed manufacturing methods disclosed in such as in Japanese Patent No. and Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. . BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION As a membrane separation device of this type, an immersion type membrane separation device having plural membrane elements disposed parallel to each other with a given interval (5-10 mm) is known.

AXEON TF – Series Residential Membrane Elements are recognized as one of the industry’s most reliable and highest performing membrane elements that deliver consistent quality and performance. Advanced manufacturing processes and utilization of the industry’s leading film technology allows these elements to deliver consistent results that equipment suppliers and water treatment dealers have come to rely on. The Specialty Membranes XUS and XUS Reverse Osmosis Elements are the 4- and 2.5-inch diameter versions of the XUS ultra-high pressure element for industrial water purification which offers an industry wide distinct combination of features.

This is useful when working with an orthotropic material model or you desire to get results in the element coordinate system. Although the outer dimensions are the same as existing Pentair X-Flow membrane elements with areas of 55 m2 and 64 m2, the company has redesigned the internal workings and used modified materials to create extra membrane surface area. Pentair has announced the latest addition to its X-Flow filtration portfolio, the Pentair X-Flow XF75 membrane element, a new ultrafiltration membrane element for water treatment projects which helps to enhance performance of existing systems within the same footprint. Nanofiltration , in water treatment, “bridges” a gap between UF andRO membranes. It is sometimes referred to as a loose or lower rejecting RO membrane. It could also be called a tight UF, as NF membrane pore size ranges from .01 to a little less than .001.

sludge press machine

The membrane filtration device of claim 1 wherein the membrane sheets and all spacers except those in the permeate channels are recessed at least about one inch from the axial end of the wound membrane at each permeate discharge end of the wound membrane sheets. The membrane filtration device of claim 1 comprising a spacer sheet in each permeate channel consisting of a knitted permeate fabric having a hydraulically impervious plastic film laminated to at least one edge thereof. The membrane filtration device of claim 1 wherein the membrane sheets are of the reverse osmosis type.

In 1994, two new arbitrary quadrilateral membrane elements called GQ12 and GQ12M with vertex rotation were proposed by Long and Xu , resulting in more reasonable compatible conditions between adjoining elements and a more simple formulation. The membrane elements are among the simplest elements to develop, which are used for analyzing structures subjected to in-plane forces. The membrane elements are usually used to model the behavior of shear wall, stiffened sheet construction, and membrane action in shells. Some plane elements can be considered as membrane elements, such as the CST element and the four-node isoparametric quadrilateral plane element . In finite element methods, many plate bending elements also have been developed. Bazeley et al. developed the confirming and nonconfirming plate bending elements in 1966.

The pressure is positive in the direction of the positive element normal. Plate elements have three degree of freedoms per node out of which two dofs are in-plane rotations and one dof corresponds to the out of plane translation. Plate is a particular case of shells having no initial curvature. If a structrual element has width/thickness ration greater than 10 then it can be treated as shell which can withstand only membrane loads, and hence, there will be no variation in the out-of-plane stresses. Since Plate can have out of plane forces, Plate is not a membrane element for most of the cases.